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 RNA: Lake Winona
State: Arkansas
County: Saline Co.
Forest: Ouachita National Forest
District: Winona Ranger District
Established: 1977; Acres: 280 ac. In 1983
To view Establishment records for Lake Winona RNA in PDF format, Click Here
Click here, to view a searchable map for the Lake Winona RNA
Click to see images for Lake Winona RNA
Ecological/Physical Description:
Physical and Climatic Conditions
Nearest weather station, with distance and direction from RNA: The nearest weather station is Alum Fork U.S. Weather Bureau Station on Lake Winona, approximately three miles to the east.
Annual precipitation (type, seasonal distribution): Annual precipitation averages 53.3 in.
Maximum and minimum temperatures: Annual temperatures have averaged 61.6°F, and typically range from about 0°F to slightly over 100°F.
Elevation:825–1077 ft.
Geology and Soils: Most of the current landforms of the Ouachita Mountains developed during the Tertiary Period beginning 63 million years ago and continuing into the Quaternary Period, about one million years ago. The RNA is located on the south end of the Fourche Mountains. Elevation of the mountains ranges from 500-2500 ft.
Shale, sandstone, novaculite and quartzite are common parent materials of soils in the region. Soils are typically shallow with moderate to high rock content.
Aquatic Features: The area lies in the Alum Fork Watershed. Alum Fork Creek is the main source of water for Lake Winona and the city of Little Rock. The undisturbed vegetation will continue to protect the watershed.
Biological Information
Plant Communities: The shortleaf pine overstory may occasionally include a large white oak (Quercus alba), northern red oak (Q. rubra) or black oak (Q. velutina).
SAF Cover Types:
SAF type 75 shortleaf pine
At Risk Species: One plant (yellow lady’s slipper) on the state endangered or threatened species list occurs on the RNA.
Common Shrub Species: Common species include: red maple (Acer rubrum), redbud (Cercis canadensis), post oak (Q. stellata), black gum (Nyssa sylvatica), several species of hickory (Carya spp.), American holly (Ilex opaca), American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana), flowering dogwood (Cornus florida), eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana), white ash (Fraxinus americana), red mulberry (Morus rubra), winged elm (Ulmus alata), and sassafras (Sassafras albidum).
Common Herbaceous Species: Common herbaceous species include: broom sedge (Andropogon virginicus), nut rush (Scleria sp.), panic grass (Panicum commutatum), bracken fern (Pteridum aquilinum), pussy’s toes (Antennaria plantaginifolia), anomalous aster (Aster anomalus), hispid goldenrod (Solidago hispida), smooth beggar’s lice (Desmodium laevigatum) and bluestem goldenrod (Solidago caesia).
Common Mammal Species: Good populations of mammals are known to exist in this area.
Common Bird Species: No information is available.
Related Reports and Publications:
Additional reports and publications can also be found by clicking on the “RNA Publications and Products” link in the site menu or by clicking here.
Fountain, M. and Sweeney, J. 1980. Lake Winona Research Natural Area. Unpublished Report.
Fountain, M. and Sweeney, J. 1987. Ecological assessment of the Lake Winona Research Natural Area. Res. Pap. 235. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 14 p.
Bragg, Don C. 2004. Patterns of Oak Dominance in the Eastern Ouachita Mountains Suggested by Early Records. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS–73. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station. pp. 57–61.
Last Modified: 1/22/2016 by Margaret Devall (mdevall@fs.fed.us)
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