Participatory genetic improvement: longleaf pine
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University-industry-state cooperative tree improvement has been highly successful in the southern United States. Over nearly 60 years, three cooperative programs have led the way in developing and deploying genetically improved planting stocks for loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and slash (P. elliottii Engelm.) pines. However, much lower levels of success have been achieved for species of lesser economic importance such as longleaf (P. palustris Mill.) and shortleaf (P. echinata Mill.) pines and the many southern hardwoods