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Development of seven hardwood species in small forest openings: 22-year results

Informally Refereed

Abstract

Small forest openings planted with seven leading commercial tree species were completely dominated by yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) that ave raged 90 feet tall after 22 years. Of the other planted species, swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii) was most shade tolerant while shumard oaks (Q. shumardii), water oaks (Q. nigra), and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) showed little tolerance.

Citation

Johnson, R.L.; Krinard, R.M. 1983. Development of seven hardwood species in small forest openings: 22-year results. South Journal of Applied Forestry 7(3):153-156.
https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/43007