Abstract
Invasions of non-indigenous insects and pathogens threaten trees and forest ecosystems worldwide. For example, the arrival and spread of the pathogens causing chestnut blight and Dutch elm disease, along with the bark beetles vectoring the latter, had dramatic effects on North American forests. Despite our improved awareness of the risks associated with biological invasions, globalization and an increase in international trade have facilitated the continued arrival and establishment of non-indigenous forest pests and diseases.
Parent Publication
Citation
Brockerhoff, Eckehard G.; Aukema, Juliann E.; Britton, Kerry O.; Cavey, Joseph F.; Garrett, Lynn J.; Haack, Robert A.; Kimberley, Mark; Liebhold, Andrew M.; Lowenstein, Frank L.; Marasas, Carissa; Nuding, Amelia; Olson, Lars; Speekmann, Christa; Springborn, Michael; Vieglais, Christina; Turner, James. 2011. Demonstrating the benefits of phytosanitary regulations: the case of ISPM 15. In: McManus, Katherine A; Gottschalk, Kurt W., eds. 2010. Proceedings. 21st U.S. Department of Agriculture interagency research forum on invasive species 2010; 2010 January 12-15; Annapolis, MD. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-75. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station: 6-7.