SUMMARY TERRA-1 TERRA-2 TERRA-3 TERRA-4 TERRA-5 SOCIO-1 SOCIO-2 SOCIO-3 SOCIO-4 SOCIO-5 SOCIO-6 SOCIO-7 TIMBR-1 TIMBR-2 TIMBR-3 HLTH-1 HLTH-2 HLTH-3 AQUA-1 AQUA-2 AQUA-3 AQUA-4 AQUA-5 HISTORY FIRE UPDATE-1 PDF (4.6 MB)

HLTH-1: Forest Area and Conditions

1 Key Findings

2 Introduction

3 Methods

3.1 Pre-European settlement up to the 1930's

3.2 1930's-1970's: the early FIA inventories

3.3 1970's to 1999

4 Data Sources

5 Results and Discussion

5.1 Changes in forest land area in the South

5.2 Changes and trends in timberland area

5.3 Trends in ownership

5.4 Timberland distribution, composition and stand structure

5.5 Trends in stand origin: planted pines and natural stands

5.6 Shifts in acreage of planted and natural stands: reclassifying forest management types

5.6 Trends in growing-stock volume

5.7 Trends in growing-stock growth

5.8 Status and history of growing-stock removals

5.9 Average annual mortality of growing stock

5.10 Southwide growth-to-removals ratios

5.11 The effects of pine plantations on the South's forests

5.12 Southern forest ecosystems: Province ecological units

5.13 FIA procedures

6 Conclusions

7 Needs for Additional Research

8 Acknowledgments

9 Literature Cited

10 Tables and Figures

Table 16.1--Area of forest land by State and year, Southern United States

Table 16.2--Area of timberland by State, year, and ownership class, Southern United States

Table 16.3--National forests by State, date established, original NFS acreage, and current NFS acreage, Southern United States

Table 16.4--Area of nonindustrial private timberland by State, survey date, forested tract-size class, and forest management type

Table 16.5--Area of timberland by year and forest-type group, Southern United States

Table 16.6--Area of timberland by State, year, and forest-type group, Southern United States

Table 16.7--Area of timberland by State, year, and stand-size class for softwood and hardwood, Southern United States

Table 16.8--Area of timberland by State, forest management type, and year, Southern United States

Table 16.9--Change in area of timberland between 1989 and 1999 by State, previous and current forest management type, Southern United States

Table 16.10--Area of timberland by stand-age class and forest management type, Southern United States

Table 16.11--Volume of growing stock on timberland by State and year, Southern United States

Table 16.12--Volume of softwood growing stock on timberland by State and year, Southern Unites States

Table 16.13--Volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland by state and year, Southern Unites States

Table 16.14--Volume of growing stock on timberland by year and diameter class, Southern Unites States

Table 16.15--Volume of softwood growing stock on timberland by year and diameter class, Southern Unites States

Table 16.16--Volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland by year and diameter class, Southern United States

Table 16.17--Volume of growing stock on timberland by year and ownership class, Southern United States

Table 16.18--Volume of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group and year, Southern United Statesa

Table 16.19--Average net annual growth of growing stock on timberland by species group and year, Southern Unites States

Table 16.20--Average net annual growth of growing stock on timberland by year and ownership class, Southern United States

Table 16.21--Average annual growth of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group and year, Southern United States

Table 16.22--Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by species group and year, Southern United States

Table 16.23--Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by year and ownership class, Southern United States

Table 16.24--Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group and year, Southern United States

Table 16.25--Average annual mortality of growing stock on timberland by species group and year, Southern United States

Table 16.26--Average annual mortality of growing stock on timberland by year and ownership class, Southern United States

Table 16.27--Average annual mortality of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group and year, Southern United States

Table 16.28--Volume, average net annual growth, average annual removals, and mortality of growing stock on timberland by species and stand origin, Southern United States

Table 16.29--Area of timberland by Province and forest-type group, Southern United States, 1999

Table 16.30--Area of timberland by Province for planted pine/oak-pine, natural pine/oak-pine, and hardwoods, Southern United States, 1999

Table 16.31--Area of timberland by Province and ownership class, Southern United States, 1999

Table 16.32--Volume of live timber on timberland by Province, softwood and hardwood, Southern United States, 1999

Table 16.33--Average net annual growth and removals of growing stock

Figure 16.1--Forest area by year, Southern United States

Figure 16.2--Average annual diversion of forest land to agriculture and urban land uses, Southern United States, 1968-1990 (excludes Kentucky)

Figure 16.3--Average annual change in area of forest land in the Southern United States, 1970-1990 (excludes Kentucky)

Figure 16.4--Total timberland area, and reserved and other forest land by year, Southern United States

Figure 16.5--Trends in area of timberland by State and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.6--Timberland area by ownership class and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.7--Trends in nonindustrial private timberland area by ownership class and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.8--Area of nonindustrial private forest land by forested tract-size for the most recent surveys of Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia

Figure 16.9--Percent distribution of timberland by forest-type group and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.10--Percent distribution of timberland by stand-size class and year, Southern United States (excludes Kentucky)

Figure 16.11--Distribution of pine and oak-pine timberland, by stand origin, Southern United States, 1999

Figure 16.12--Trends in area of timberland by forest management type, Southern United States, 1952 to 1999

Figure 16.13--Trends in timberland area by State, year, and forest management type, Southern United States

Figure 16.14--Percent distribution of timberland area within forest management types, by stand-age class, Southern United States

Figure 16.15--Volume of growing stock on timberland by species group and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.16--Volume of growing stock on timberland by diameter class and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.17--Volume of softwood growing stock on timberland by diameter class and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.18--Volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland by diameter class and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.19--Volume of growing stock on timberland by ownership class and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.20--Volume of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.21--Average annual growth of growing stock on timberland by species group and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.22--Rate of average annual growth of softwood and hardwood expressed as a percentage of growing stock, Southern United States

Figure 16.23--Average annual growth of growing stock on timberland by ownership class and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.24--Average annual growth of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.25--Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by species group and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.26--Rate of average annual removals of softwood and hardwood expressed as a percentage of growing stock, Southern United States

Figure 16.27--Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by ownership class and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.28--Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.29--Average annual mortality of growing stock on timberland by species group and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.30--Rate of average annual mortality of softwood and hardwood expressed as a percentage of growing stock, Southern United States

Figure 16.31--Average annual mortality of growing stock on timberland by ownership class and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.32--Average annual mortality of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.33--Average annual growth to average annual removals ratios of growing stock on timberland by species group and year, Southern United States

Figure 16.34--Volume of softwood growing stock on timberland by stand origin and diameter class, Southern United States, 1999.

Figure 16.35--Ecological Provinces of the Southern United States

Figure 16.36--Distribution of timberland by Province and (A) softwood forest type group and (B) hardwood forest-type group, Southern United States, 1999

Figure 16.37--Distribution of hardwood live tree volume per acre of timberland by Province, Southern United States, 1999

Figure 16.38--Distribution of softwood live tree volume per acre of timberland by Province, Southern United States, 1999