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An Overview of the Pine Wood Nematode Ban in North America

Informally Refereed

Abstract

The history, ecology, and biology of the Bursaphelenchus-Monochamus complex in North America are reviewed. Since the nematode is seldom a primary pathogen in North America, distribution there cannot be equated with the distribution of the pine wilt disease.

Keywords

Bursaphelenchus xyiophilus, Bursaphelenchus mucronatus, Pinus, embargo, softwood products, Monochamus, pine wilt disease

Citation

Dwinell, L. David; Nickle, W.R. 1989. An Overview of the Pine Wood Nematode Ban in North America. Gen. Tech. Rep. SE-55. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station. 13 p.
Citations
https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/857