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Title:	Effectiveness of modified White's solution at removing ascomycetes associated with the bark beetle Ips pini
Author(s):	Kopper, B.J.; Klepzig, Kier D.; Raffa, K.F.
Date:	2003
Source:	For. Path. 33 (2003) 237–240 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin ISSN 1437–4781
Description:	Modified White's solution (1 g HgCl2/l H2O) is widely used to surface disinfest bark beetles of their phoretic fungi. We investigated the effectiveness of this solution at disinfesting adult Ips pini from its associated ophiostomatoid fungi. A treatment for 1, 4 or 8 min does not completely rid beetles of phoretic fungi, but does substantially reduce the amount of fungi they carry externally. Sterilizing with modified White’s solution caused limited mortality (< 16%).
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